Japan becomes global emerging technology leader
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From robotics to hypersonic missiles, Japan is rapidly emerging as a defence technology powerhouse.
Japan's defence modernisation programme has positioned Japanese innovation at the centre of Indo-Pacific defence technology development. Focusing on advanced capabilities and record-level investments across uncrewed systems, hypersonics, and space, Japan is pursuing ambitious technology goals while actively seeking international partnerships.
DSEI Japan 2025, scheduled for 21-23 May at Makuhari Messe in Chiba, arrives at the ideal moment to connect with Indo-Pacific's most dynamic defence market. Building on the 2023 event, which brought together 291 exhibiting companies and attracted 8,432 attendees from 78 countries, DSEI Japan 2025 offers an unparalleled networking environment. With over 500 VIPs and international delegations registered to attend in 2025, the event facilitates direct engagement with Japanese defence technology innovation, namely uncrewed systems, hypersonic capabilities, robotics and disaster response, and space domain awareness (SDA).
Uncrewed systems take flight
Japan is establishing itself as a leader in uncrewed systems, with significant investment being channelled towards its development. Uncrewed systems are one of seven key capabilities detailed in the Government’s National Defense Strategy, and the Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force has already successfully deployed these systems during recent multinational exercises.
The development by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) of an AI-driven uncrewed aircraft, set for its maiden flight in November 2025, demonstrates this effort. The country’s involvement with the US on the “Overwhelming Response through Collaborative Autonomy” project further highlights this.
MHI has developed two AI-powered prototypes: a nimble reconnaissance model for scouting missions and a stealthier combat variant optimised for air-to-air engagements. Slated for test flights in 2025, the aim is to have fully autonomous operations by 2035.
Partnering with the US, Japan is co-developing AI and machine learning through the ‘Overwhelming Response through Collaborative Autonomy’ project, to enable drones and manned jets to share real-time data and adapt missions autonomously. The partnership focuses on creating AI that processes sensor inputs and makes split-second decisions for loyal wingman aircraft flying alongside Japan’s GCAP fighters.
Japan is also bolstering its autonomous research and development spending. Specifically, Japan’s Department of Technology Strategy, which forms part of the Acquisition, Technology & Logistics Agency under the Japan Ministry of Defense, is prioritising research in drone communications, data flows and sensor coordination with allied nations. This includes developing secure communication protocols and advanced autonomous decision-making capabilities.
Hypersonic capabilities accelerate
Successful tests of the HGVP highlight the progress Japan is making towards developing a hypersonic weapon. Intended for island defence roles, the system is on track to be completed three years ahead of schedule, in 2026 instead of 2029.
Alongside this, seven new missile types are in development and a key agreement with the US for co-developing hypersonic interceptors was signed in May 2024. The agreement comprises the joint development of the Glide Phase Interceptor (GPI), representing an investment of over JPY3 billion (USD19.74 million).
Building on previous successful US-Japan missile defence cooperation, Japan leads the development of rocket motors and propulsion components. This is particularly evident as the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force is preparing to establish two HVGP battalions, signalling a substantial commitment to deploying these advanced systems.
Embracing the space domain
Japan is transforming its military space capabilities by merging its air and space forces while developing new satellite systems.
SDA is of particular importance to Japan, as it ensures the protection of its space assets from potential collisions and nefarious threats. By 2026, the country will have its dedicated space monitoring satellite, which will enhance its ability to observe objects that are difficult to track with ground-based equipment.
International collaboration and reciprocal sharing of data and findings will be key to increasing Japan’s SDA and could lead to stronger global partnerships in the future.
Connecting with Japan’s military and industrial leaders
For companies that want to understand and engage with Japan's defence technology sector, DSEI Japan 2025 provides essential access to key decision-makers and procurement leaders. The event's VIP delegation programme, which welcomed Japan's Minister of Defence and senior military leadership in 2023, offers unique opportunities for exhibitors to align commercial capabilities with Japan's defence requirements.
Major defence manufacturers send senior decision-makers to DSEI Japan, creating valuable opportunities for companies of all sizes. These prime contractors are actively expanding their technology base across multiple domains, from autonomous systems and cybersecurity to advanced weapons platforms and sustainable defence solutions.